How to Know You Strength and Weakness
According to Great Ideas in Personality, one of the greatest strengths of psychoanalytic theory is that it tin can be used to explain the nature of human evolution and all aspects of mental functioning. However, critics of psychoanalytic theory claim that information technology grossly exaggerates and generalizes human behavior. So, with this in mind, we're delving into both the strengths and weaknesses of psychoanalytic theory besides as its origins.
Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory
In 1896, when Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud was forty years old, he first coined the term "psychoanalysis." Freud divers psychoanalysis as a kind of therapy for treating mental illness, too every bit explaining the intricacies of human behavior by focusing on the heed'south unconscious. Specifically, he posited that what a person goes through as a child plays a significant part in shaping their personality and behavior as adults.
At the root of Freud's psychoanalytic theory is a specific goal: to bring the contents of a person'southward unconscious or hidden mind to the level of consciousness. He believed that people often had repressed emotions they buried so deep that they did not accept admission to them. The piece of work of a psychoanalyst is to uncover repressed memories and emotions to treat mental illness and neuroses.
Freud graduated with his medical caste in neurology in 1881 and gear up up a private practice presently thereafter where he treated patients with psychological disorders. Notwithstanding, it wasn't until his teacher and colleague, Josef Breuer, treated "Anna O" that Freud saw his career take a meaningful plough. The case of Anna O, which Breuer shared with Freud, was significant because Breuer claimed his psychoanalytic handling worked.
Anna O was diagnosed with hysteria, and dealt with symptoms like hallucinations, paralysis, and convulsions, all without a known physical cause. Because of her handling with Breuer, Anna O was able to recall repressed memories and traumatic events from her past, which reportedly cured Anna O of her paralysis.
As a result, Freud experienced a "lightbulb moment" when Breuer shared Anna O'southward story with him. Freud believed that physical symptoms often had repressed emotions and traumas at their root. Before Freud brought it to life, this theory didn't be.
Freud'southward psychoanalytic model separates the mind into 3 sections: witting, preconscious, and unconscious. The conscious mind contains current thoughts, feelings, and attention, while the preconscious mind, more commonly referred to as the subconscious, contains data that we can remember and retrieve from our memories. According to Freud, the unconscious heed exists at a deeper level. In information technology, nosotros store the mechanisms that bulldoze our beliefs, including our inherent desires and instincts.
Further into his career, Freud developed an even more structured model of the mind that originated from the three levels of consciousness he previously theorized. This model consisted of three layers of the heed once over again:
- The id is part of the unconscious mind. Information technology works at an unconscious level based on instinct. Freud said that human biological instincts take two kinds of functioning: Eros activates life-sustaining behaviors. It is the instinct to survive. Thanatos is its opposite, the death instinct. It activates aggressive and destructive activity.
- The ego begins evolution during infancy. It works in service of the id while as well interim as a bank check-and-balances system. Largely continued to reality, the ego makes certain nosotros behave in means that are socially acceptable.
- The superego, also part of the unconscious mind, is home to our sense of morality. It advocates for morally based, principled activeness.
Psychoanalytic Arroyo
Freud's psychoanalytic arroyo was largely based on his model of the human mind. In practice, he operated with the conventionalities that the id, ego, and superego were always acting in conflict with one another considering of their contrasting main goals, hence our reliance on mental defense mechanisms.
For example, Freud believed that repression was a defense mechanism of the ego to protect the conscious mind from agonizing thoughts. He as well posited that projection, some other defense force mechanism, was the ego's solution for improper thoughts and feelings; that is, your mind would put them on another person instead of assuasive y'all to face up them.
In practice, psychoanalysis focused on the unconscious mind — not the witting mind. As the field of psychology has developed and transformed over the years with new scientific research and insights, experts have developed modernistic talk therapy, which has some roots in Freud'due south original psychoanalytic model.
Weakness of Psychoanalytic Theory
Freud's theory of psychoanalysis has received its fair share of criticism from psychologists, many believing that it is either bad science or not science at all. Those who fall into the campsite that psychoanalysis is bad science, or "pseudoscience," say this because it was not based on enough quantitative and experimental enquiry. Instead, Freud used the clinical case study model to defend the legitimacy of psychoanalysis, which does not scientifically verify that psychoanalysis works.
Even some psychoanalysts feel that psychoanalysis isn't science and never had any intention of being science. Those in this campsite believe psychoanalysis to be a philosophy that helps to explain some of the connections between babyhood events and developed personality and behavior. This definition would make psychoanalysis as a grade of professional person psychological treatment unethical.
Freud'southward theory of psychoanalysis neglects private differences in patients. Because patients are not all the aforementioned, using the aforementioned arrangement of psychoanalysis for anybody is likely not the most effective fashion of treating mental affliction. Equally a upshot, psychoanalysis becomes unaccountable. Additionally, psychoanalytic theory is largely based on exploring a person's babyhood and their potential repressed memories from that time. It may not always be the case that the issue stems from something that happened in childhood, which would make psychoanalysis unhelpful for some.
Strengths of Psychoanalytic Theory
Patients looking to dive deep into their psyche to understand the motive of their behaviors often observe psychoanalysis useful. Furthermore, patients who desire to empathize and deal with certain experiences that have left them confused might also observe value in psychoanalysis.
Because of its nature, psychoanalysis is a long, drawn-out, intensive treatment that tin provide a lot of insight into what drives a person's behavior. Long-term, deeply analytical therapy has been shown to have subsequent long-term positive results. Research has shown that it can exist effective for many different mental and behavioral disorders and that the results are further-reaching than medical treatments. This is in part because patients learn life skills during the class of their handling that they tin can have with them into their day-to-24-hour interval lives.
Without Freud's psychoanalytic theory, mod-day talk therapy would not exist. While many of Freud's ideas have been updated or replaced past methods backed by science and research, his groundbreaking contributions to the field of psychology are evident.
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Source: https://www.reference.com/world-view/strengths-weaknesses-psychoanalytic-theory-7e2731eb633f2ca1?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740005%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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